A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Email.php

Line Number: 691

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Email.php

Line Number: 696

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/samdictc/public_html/system/core/Exceptions.php:170)

Filename: libraries/Session.php

Line Number: 671

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cookie - headers already sent by (output started at /home/samdictc/public_html/system/core/Exceptions.php:170)

Filename: libraries/facebook.php

Line Number: 37

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start() [function.session-start]: Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at /home/samdictc/public_html/system/core/Exceptions.php:170)

Filename: libraries/facebook.php

Line Number: 37

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/samdictc/public_html/system/core/Exceptions.php:170)

Filename: core/Input.php

Line Number: 250

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

 

phương pháp đo đạc chụp ảnh

 


 

(gọi tắt là phương pháp đo ảnh), một phương pháp đo gián tiếp thông qua hình ảnh hoặc các nguồn thông tin thu được của đối tượng đo.

 

Nhiệm vụ của phương pháp đo ảnh  là xác định trạng thái hình học của đối tượng đo, bao gồm: vị trí, hình dáng, kích thước và mối quan hệ tương hỗ của các đối tượng đo.

 

Phương pháp đo ảnh được coi là phương pháp viễn thám hiện đại trong lĩnh vực khoa học về Trái Đất. 

 

Phương pháp đo ảnh có hai quá trình cơ bản:

 

1) Thu nhận hình ảnh hoặc các thông tin ban đầu của đối tượng đo được thực hiện trong một thời điểm nhất định với nhiều phương thức khác nhau: chụp ảnh đối tượng đo với các loại thiết bị chụp ảnh và vật liệu cảm quang, thu nhận các thông tin bức xạ của đối tượng đo bằng các hệ thống quét điện từ;

 

2) Quá trình dựng lại và đo đạc trên mô hình của đối tượng đo từ các ảnh chụp hoặc các thông tin thu được bằng các phương pháp : tương tự (analog), giải tích (analyse), số (digital).

 

Đặc điểm nổi bật của phương pháp đo ảnh là:

 

1) Có khả năng đo đạc tất cả các đối tượng đo mà không cần tiếp xúc hoặc đến gần chúng;

 

2) Nhanh chóng thu được các tư liệu đo đạc trong thời gian chụp ảnh, giảm nhẹ công tác ngoài trời;

 

3) Có thể do trong cùng một thời điểm nhiều điểm đo khác nhau của các đối tượng đo, cho phép đo những đối tượng tĩnh và đối tượng chuyển động;

 

4) Quy trình công nghệ thuận lợi cho việc tự động hóa công tác đo đạc và tính toán;

 

5) Trang thiết bị kĩ thuật đắt tiền, bảo quản phức tạp.

 

Ngày nay, ở hầu hết các nước trên thế giới, phương pháp đo ảnh trở thành một phương pháp cơ bản trong công tác đo vẽ bản đồ địa hình. Đồng thời, phương pháp đo ảnh còn được áp dụng rộng rãi trong nhiều lĩnh vực khác.

 

Phương pháp đo ảnh được phân thành: đo ảnh hàng không, đo ảnh mặt đất.

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Krasnoyarsk' for '+07/7.0/no DST' instead

Filename: libraries/Log.php

Line Number: 86